The Performance and Factors Impacting the Future of Independent Candidates in Electoral Politics in South Africa Post-2024 Election

By: Lizzy Ofusori

Independent candidates are individual who runs for public office without being affiliated with any political party. These candidates represent themselves and their own platforms, rather than the policies and ideologies of a political party. Independent candidates can run for various positions, including seats in local councils, provincial legislatures, and the national parliament. In  South Africa, the electoral system primarily operates on a proportional representation basis, particularly for national and provincial elections. However, local government elections follow a mixed system, which includes both proportional representation and ward-based representation. This mixed system provides a more accessible pathway for independent candidates, particularly at the municipal level. Recent legal developments, including the Constitutional Court’s ruling in 2020, mandated changes to the Electoral Act to allow independent candidates to contest national and provincial elections, which were previously limited to party-affiliated candidates. In South Africa’s political landscape, the independent candidates (e.g. Zackie Achmat in the Western Cape, Anele Mda in Gauteng, Lovemore Ndou in Limpopo, Faith Phathela in Limpopo, and Blessings Ramoba in Limpopo and in Gauteng), have been gaining attention, particularly in the 2024 elections, marking a significant shift from traditional party-dominated politics. The performance of these independent candidates in this election has been noteworthy, with several key trends and outcomes:

1. Increased Representation: Independent candidates have secured more seats in local councils and have made inroads in some provincial legislatures. Their success is often attributed to public dissatisfaction with traditional party politics and a desire for more accountable and locally focused representatives.
2. Voter Engagement: There has been a noticeable increase in voter engagement with independent candidates. Many voters perceive independents as being more in touch with local issues and less driven by party agendas.
3. Media Coverage: Independent candidates have received more media attention than in previous elections, highlighting their campaigns and successes, which has helped boost their visibility and credibility among the electorate. For example, Zackie Achmat in one of his interaction with GroundUp, affirm that if elected to Parliament, he will not join any coalition with existing parties. However, he will use his vote to elect the presidential candidate who appears most committed to upholding constitutional values, including the rule of law, resisting state capture and corruption, and advancing a progressive agenda.

Factors Impacting the Future of Independent Candidates

Several factors will influence the future of independent candidates in South Africa’s electoral politics post-2024:

1. Electoral System Reforms:
   • Proportional Representation vs. First-Past-The-Post: The current mixed-member proportional representation system presents both opportunities and challenges for independent candidates. Any future reforms to the electoral system could significantly impact their ability to compete.
   • Legislative Changes: Potential amendments to electoral laws, such as lowering barriers for independent candidates to enter races, could enhance their prospects.
2. Public Sentiment and Political Climate:
   • Trust in Traditional Parties: Continued dissatisfaction with traditional political parties could drive more support towards independents. Issues such as corruption, poor service delivery, and internal party conflicts contribute to this sentiment.
   • Political Awareness and Civic Engagement: Increased political awareness and civic engagement, especially among younger voters, can boost support for independent candidates who are seen as agents of change.
3. Resource Mobilization:
   • Funding and Campaign Support: Independent candidates often face challenges in securing funding and resources for their campaigns compared to party-affiliated candidates. Enhanced fundraising strategies and support networks will be crucial for their sustainability.
   • Technology and Social Media: Leveraging technology and social media can help independents to reach a broader audience, engage with voters, and run more cost-effective campaigns.
4. Organizational Structure and Collaboration:
   • Coalitions and Alliances: Forming coalitions or alliances with like-minded independents and smaller parties can enhance their influence and bargaining power in legislative bodies.
   • Local Networks and Community Engagement: Building strong local networks and engaging with community organizations can strengthen their grassroots support and improve electoral outcomes.
5. Policy Focus and Issue-Based Campaigning:
   • Local Issues: Focusing on local issues and delivering tangible results can help independent candidates build a solid track record and gain voter trust.
   • Policy Expertise: Demonstrating expertise in key policy areas and offering clear, practical solutions can distinguish independents from their party-affiliated counterparts.

Challenges and Opportunities

While independent candidates have made significant strides, they still face several challenges:

• Limited Visibility: Without the backing of a party, gaining widespread recognition and media coverage can be difficult.
• Structural Disadvantages: The political infrastructure and electoral rules often favour established parties.
• Sustainability: Maintaining momentum and support between election cycles can be challenging without the continuous backing of a party organization.

However, there are also significant opportunities:

• Innovation in Campaigning: Independent candidates can innovate in their campaign strategies, using digital tools and community-based approaches to reach voters.
• Responsive Governance: Being more flexible and less bound by party lines, independents can quickly respond to constituents’ needs and issues.

In conclusion

The future of independent candidates in South Africa’s electoral politics looks promising but will depend on several evolving factors. Their performance in the 2024 elections indicates a growing appetite for alternative political representation. By addressing challenges related to resources, visibility, and organization, and capitalizing on public dissatisfaction with traditional parties, independent candidates can continue to expand their influence in South Africa’s political landscape.

Dr. Lizzy Oluwatoyin Ofusori is an academician and a researcher. She writes in her capacity.